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Table 1 Research diagnostic criteria for night eating syndrome (Allison et al., 2010). A. The daily pattern of eating demonstrates a significantly increased intake in the evening and/or nighttime, as manifested by one or both of the following: 1. At least 25% of food intake is consumed after the evening meal 2. At least two episodes of nocturnal eating per week B. Awarenessandrecallofeveningandnocturnaleatingepisodesarepresent. The clinical 1. 2. 3. 4. picture is characterized by at least three of the following features: Lack of desire to eat in the morning and/or breakfast is omitted on four or more mornings per week Presence of a strong urge to eat between dinner and sleep onset and/or during the night Sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance insomnia are present four or more nights per week Presence of a belief that one must eat in order to initiate or return to sleep C. Moodisfrequentlydepressedand/ormoodworsensintheevening D. The disorder is associated with significant distress and/or impairment in functioning. E. The disordered pattern of eating has been maintained for at least 3 months. F. The disorder is not secondary to substance abuse or dependence, medical disorder, medication, or another psychiatric disorder. Overview of the Diagnostic Criteria Evening Hyperphagia One of the core features of NES is the delay of the circadian rhythm of food intake, characterized by minimal intake of calories in the first half of the day and marked increase of intake through the second half of the day that disrupts the sleep cycle (O’Reardon et al., 2005). The delay in circadian rhythm of food intake is manifested by evening hyperphagia and nocturnal ingestions of food. Evening hyperphagia is defined as the consumption of 25% or more of caloric intake after the evening meal (Allison et al., 2009). It can co-occur with nocturnal ingestions but must be present to receive a diagnosis of NES if nocturnal ingestions are absent. 3PDF Image | BRIGHT LIGHT THERAPY FOR late NIGHT EATING SYNDRome
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