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RESULTS Over a span of 12 months 18 AMD study eyes (6 males and 12 females) were recruited and treated; aged 61 to 90 years old (mean 74.3 years/ SD 7.7). Average ETDRS BCVA for the AMD group was measured at 0.25 log Mar units before the treatment and at 0.13 log Mar units 12 months after the treatment (p<0.0001). Repeated Measures ANOVA yielded F (4,68) = 18.86, p less than 0.0001. See figure 1 Contrast sensitivity: Repeated measures ANOVA for Contrast sensitivity (3cycles/degree): F (4,68) = 11.44, p less than 0.0001. See figure 2 Repeated measures ANOVA for Contrast Sensitivity (1.5 cycles/degree): F (4,68) = 4.39, p less than 0.0032. See figure 3 Fixation stability: Repeated measures ANOVA for Fixation Stability (BCEA): F (4,68) = 0.90, p less than 0.4661. Correlation analysis between Fixation Stability and ETDRS VA: Pearson R value of 0.6776, p less than 0.001. DISCUSSION Potential therapeutic approaches for atrophic AMD include neutralizing ROS, promoting cell survival, and inhibiting inflammatory responses that could potentially delay the progression of this disease and even improve cellular function. Photobiomodulation (PBM) also known as low level laser therapy (LLLT) has both primary and secondary effects on cellular responses to disease including anti inflammatory, anti oxidant and anti apoptosis effects. The precise biochemical mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of LLLT are not yet well established12. At the most basic level, LLLT acts by inducing a photochemical reaction in the cell, a process referred to as biostimulation or photobiomodulation. When a photon of light is absorbed by a chromophore in the treated cells, an electron in the chromophore can become excited and jump from a low-energy orbit to a higher-energy orbit 13 14. This stored energy can then be used by the system to perform various cellular tasks. The influence of LLLT on the electron transport chain extends far beyond simply increasing the levels of ATP produced by a cell. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain and is, in the process, converted to water.PDF Image | dry Age-related Macular Degeneration Photobiomodulation
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