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B8. Pre-study sample size calculations Comparison of 2 rates: taken from Youssef et al., 2008 Equation: [(U+V)^2(u1+u0)] / (u1-u0)^2 U (for 80% power) = 0.84 V( for 5% significance) = 1.96 u1, u0= rates of tooth movement u1=2.027+/-0.14mm/month u0=1.109+/-0.11mm/month [(1.96+0.84)^2(2.207+1.109)] / (2.027+1.109)^2 = 29.174 ~ 30 patients Comparison of 2 means: taken from Cruz et al., 2008 Equation: [(U+V)^2(σ1^2 + σ2^2)] / (u1-u0)^2 U (for 80% power) = 0.84 V( for 5% significance) = 1.96 u1, u2= means of tooth movement u1=4.39mm σ1, σ2= standard deviation taken from Cruz et al., 2008 σ1=0.27 [1.96+0.84)^2(0.27^2+0.24^2) / (4.39-3.1)^2 = 0.96 ~ 1 patient Comparison of 2 means: taken from da Silva Sousa et al., 2009 Equation: [(U+V)^2(σ1^2 + σ2^2)] / (u1-u0)^2 U (for 80% power) = 0.84 V( for 5% significance) = 1.96 u1, u2= means of tooth movement u1=3.09mm σ1, σ2= standard deviation taken from da Silva Sousa et al., 2009 u2=3.1mm σ2=0.24 [1.96+0.84)^2(1.06^2+0.63^2) / (3.09-1.6)^2 = 5.369 ~ 6 patients σ1=1.06 σ2=0.63 u2=1.6mm 108PDF Image | Effect of LED Phototherapy on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement
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