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Half of the plates for each ecotype were placed upright under continuous white light (Gro-Lux white light fluorescent tubes (70-80 μmol m-1s-1) for 96 hours at 23oC. The other half were placed upright in the same room, but germinated instead in complete darkness. Darkness was accomplished by placing a styrofoam container inside a cardboard box which was placed inside a metal cabinet. After the 4-day germination period, seedlings were given one of three different 24-hour light treatments in a temperature and light-controlled room: continuous blue light, ten minutes of red light followed by blue light, or continuous red and blue light. Blue (60-75 μmol m-2s-1), red (20-30 μmol m-2s-1), and red+blue (red:blue ratio 165:60) light was produced by 110-V LED panels. Light produced by the blue panels was 465 nm and light from red panels was 650 nm. Panels were placed perpendicular to plants, so that reactive growth by seedling ends could be clearly seen as towards or away from the light. Data Collection and Analysis Seedling length and curvature measurements were taken using ImageJ64, a public domain Java image processing program (Schneider et al. 2012). Seedlings that failed to germinate by time 0, had detached from the membrane surface, had made contact with the sides of the plate or with another seedling, or whose images were determined to be unreadable were omitted from the data. Designated time points (t) for data collection were 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours from initial light treatment exposure. Sample size ranged from 21 to 43 plants, with 4 plates per each experimental category. Curvature !xiiPDF Image | EFFECTS OF RED LIGHT ON BLUE LIGHT-BASED PHOTOTROPISM
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