Effects of Red Light Treatment on Spinal Cord Injury

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Effects of Red Light Treatment on Spinal Cord Injury ( effects-red-light-treatment-spinal-cord-injury )

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CHAPTER 4 Figure 4.7 GFAP increases within 24 hrs following a mild T10 hemicontusion injury. (a) Example images of GFAP positive staining (green) from non-injured, spinal cord injured (1-dpi) and sham-injured (1-dpi) animals ipsilateral to the injury in the dorsal region. (b-c) Quantification of GFAP positive labelling at 1 day post-injury, expressed as the percentage area of positive label above threshold within the region of interest, in the dorsal, lateral and ventral regions of the spinal cord, contralateral (b) and ipsilateral (c) to the injury of non-injured, spinal cord injured (1-dpi) and sham-injured (1-dpi) groups. Vertical brackets indicate statistical comparisons among three groups across all regions (general linear mixed model). Data is expressed as mean ± SEM; *** p < 0.001. See Figure 4.1 for abbreviations. 4.4.5 Red light does not affect IL1β expression in astrocytes Astrocytes, when activated, secret a group of cytokines to alter and maintain the microenvironment of the tissues. IL1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine believed to take part in pain signal alteration and processing (Ji et al., 2013). IL1β expression was therefore investigated in astrocytes in the 6 regions across the spinal cord (Figure 4.8a) following hemicontusion and 670 nm treatment. Examples of IL1β+/GFAP+ cells, defined as triple positive for IL1β, GFAP and DAPI, are shown in Figure 4.8b. Throughout the spinal cord (Figure 4.8c-h), IL1β+/GFAP+ cell 97

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