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when using our passive multispectral device (see Table S1 in the Supplementary Information). By the same metric, a single-filter system designed to improve vision in color-vision-deficient individuals32 seems to provide no decrease in the frequency of apparent metamers. Conclusion By breaking the inherent chromatic redundancy in binocular vision, our method provides the user with more spectral information than he/she would otherwise receive. In the present design, the S cone is partitioned using a pair of filters that results in photoreceptor responses consistent with a visual system that utilizes approximately four cone types (i.e., simulated tetrachromacy). The current demonstration splits the S cone, which is more selectively sensitive to blue-colored objects, and might find direct applications such as differentiating structural color versus natural pigments (See Supplementary Information)33. However, it is possible to use similar methods to design filters that more strongly affect metamers that appears as green 34 andred,thataremoreprevalentinnature .Whilethepossibilityofnaturaltetrachromacyinafractionof the population has received both academic and popular interest10–12, the technology demonstrated here has the potential to simulate tetrachromatic vision in anyone with typical, healthy trichromatic vision. The extent to which observers can (or can learn) to take advantage of the additional spectral information is yet to be determined. Given two eyes and three types of cones, it should be possible to increase the number of effective cones up to six using our approach, and potentially even more with spatial or temporal multiplexing. It may also be possible to generate personalized designs to improve color discrimination for individuals with color- vision deficiencies. This technology can be integrated in a simple pair of eyeglasses or sunglasses, and could have immediate applications in camouflage detection, quality control, anti-counterfeiting, and more. More broadly, the ability to see many more colors has intriguing opportunities for design and artwork, and for data representation with extra color channels. 13PDF Image | Enhancing color vision by breaking binocular redundancy
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