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3 EATING DISORDERS + LIGHT 3.1 Eating disorders Eating disorders are separated into five categories Anorexia Nervosa (AN) (11/12 female), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Binge Eating Disease (BED), Ortoreksi (obsessed with health and quality of food) and Megareksi (obsessed with developing muscles, working out and following diets, mainly male). In Denmark, most of the focus is on AN, BN and BED. According to LMS (Landsforeningen mod spiseforstyrrelser og selvskade) about 5.000 people suffer from AN, 30.000 from BN and 40.000 from BED. Other numbers show that only about 5000 patients are hospitalized and treated professionally (3000 AN and 2000 BN and BED). (Landsforeningen mod spiseforstyrrelser og selvskade, no date) AN is the deadliest form of ED and 60% of the Danish patients suffer from AN symptoms. There are in research a very strict distinction between AN and AN-R patients, AN-R referring to anorexia restricted starvation and dieting. In research, all purging patients are considered Bulimic, in addition 25% of BN patients converted from AN, so the treatment numbers may need some detailed division of symptoms, to understand them properly. Patients within different ED behaviour share some of the core psychopathology fea- tures like over-evaluating eating, shape and weight. Attitude and behaviour in the two main disorders, BN and AN, can be compared in terms of body checking, restricting food, vomiting, use of laxatives and level of over-ex- ercising. Some cases of AN can be more focused on controlling the food intake than on weight and overall shape, this is different from BN. (Fairburn, Cooper and Shafran, 2003, p. 519) 3.1.1 Current ED treatment ED patients are divided into six stages, 1 being the most severe and 6 be- ing the best case. During treatment, patients work themselves up from 1 to 6, before they are considered healthy and fit to live by themselves. All types of ED suffer from a very low recovery rate and require long-term periods of hard work for the patient. The treatment has not developed much over the years, with no significant evidence for improvement of AN treatment. The last big break-through being the re-invented of cognitive therapy 1970’s by Aaron T. Beck and Albert Ellis. ”There was no convincing evidence that the outcome of anorexia ner- vosa improved over the second half of the last century. Several prognos- tic features were isolated, but there is conflicting evidence. Most clear- ly, vomiting, bulimia, and purgative abuse, chronicity of illness, and obsessive-compulsive personality symptoms are unfavorable prognos- tic features.” (Steinhausen, 2002, p. 1284) Master thesis · MSc Lighting Design · Pernille Bech-Larsen · Fall 2017 38PDF Image | Healing with light
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