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distributions P(λ). One of these distributions has the greatest possible luminous efficacy. This limit can be obtained in only one way, namely by the mixture of suitable intensities emitted by two monochromatic sources (MacAdam, 1950). The maximum attainable luminous efficacy obtained with a single monochromatic pair of emitters is shown in Fig. 16.8. The maximum luminous efficacy of white light depends on the color temperature; it is about 420 lm/W for a color temperature of 6500 K and can exceed 500 lm/W for lower color temperatures. The exact value depends on the exact location within the white area of the chromaticity diagram. 16.4 Colors of near-monochromatic emitters For wavelengths ranging from 390 to 720 nm, the eye sensitivity function V(λ) is greater than 10–3. Although the human eye is sensitive to light with wavelengths < 390 nm and > 720 nm, the sensitivity at these wavelengths is extremely low. Therefore, the wavelength range 390 nm ≤ λ ≤ 720 nm can be considered the visible wavelength range. The relationship between color and wavelength within the visible wavelength range is given in Table16.5. This relationship is valid for monochromatic or near-monochromatic light sources such as LEDs. Note that color is, to some extent, a subjective quantity. Also note that the transition between different colors is continuous. 16.4 Colors of near-monochromatic emitters 283PDF Image | Human eye sensitivity and photometric quantities
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