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16 Human eye sensitivity and photometric quantities Berson et al. (2002) presented evidence that the photosensitive ganglion cells are instrumental in the control of the circadian rhythm. Due to their sensitivity in the blue spectral range, it can be hypothesized that the blue sky occurring near mid-day is a strong factor in synchronizing the endogenous circadian rhythm. The photosensitive ganglion cells have therefore been referred to as blue-sky receptors. Inspection of the spectral sensitivity of the ganglion cells shown in Fig. 16.9 reveals the huge difference of red light and blue light for circadian efficacy: The efficacy of blue light in synchronizing the circadian rhythm can be three orders of magnitude greater than the efficacy of red light. This particular role of blue light should be taken into account in lighting design and the use of artificial lighting by consumers. References Berson D. M., Dunn F. A., and Takao M. “Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock” Science 295, 1070 (2002) Brainard G. C., Hanifin J. P., Greeson J. M., Byrne B., Glickman G., Gerner E., and Rollag M. D. “Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: Evidence for a novel circadian photoreceptor” J. Neuroscience 21, 6405 (2001) Blask D. E., Dauchy R. T., Sauer L. A., Krause J. A., Brainard G. C. “Growth and fatty acid metabolism of human breast cancer (MCF-7) xenografts in nude rats: Impact of constant light-induced nocturnal melatonin suppression” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 79, 313 (2003) CIE Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage Proceedings (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1931) CIE Proceedings 1, Sec. 4; 3, p. 37; Bureau Central de la CIE, Paris (1951) CIE data of 1931 and 1978 available at http://cvision.ucsd.edu and http://www.cvrl.org (1978). The CIE 1931 V(λ) data were modified by D. B. Judd and J. J. Vos in 1978. The Judd−Vos-modified eye- sensitivity function is frequently referred to as VM(λ); see J. J. Vos “Colorimetric and photometric properties of a 2-deg fundamental observer” Color Res. Appl. 3, 125 (1978) 288PDF Image | Human eye sensitivity and photometric quantities
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