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Avci et al. Page 12 dressing changes using a non-stick dressing and Polysporin ointment, but one site also received additional LED treatment.36 As a result, when compared to the untreated control site, accelerated reepithelialization was observed in the LED-treated site 36. LLLT for Psoriasis More recently LLLT has been considered for treatment of plaque psoriasis. A recent preliminary study investigated the efficacy of a combination of 830 nm (near infrared) and 630 nm (visible red light) to treat recalcitrant psoriasis using LED irradiation. All patients with psoriasis resistant to conventional therapy were enrolled and were treated sequentially with 830 nm and 630 nm wavelengths in 2 20-min sessions with 48 hours between session for 4 or 5 weeks. The results showed no adverse side effects and a resolution of psoriasis.114 The limitation of this study was the small number of patients enrolled, however the results observed encourage future investigations for use of LLLT in treating psoriasis. Conclusion LLLT appears to have a wide range of applications of use in dermatology, especially in indications where stimulation of healing, reduction of inflammation, reduction of cell death and skin rejuvenation are required. The application of LLLT to disorders of pigmentation may work both ways by producing both repigmentation of vitiligo, and depigmentation of hyperpigmented lesions depending on the dosimetric parameters. The introduction of LED array-based devices has simplified the application to large areas of skin. There is no agreement as yet on several important parameters particularly whether red, NIR, or a combination of both wavelengths is optimal for any particular application. There is a credibility gap that needs to be overcome before LLLT is routinely applied in every dermatologist’s office. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the US NIH (R01AI050875 to MRH) References 1. Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang YY, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR. The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. Feb; 2012 40(2):516–533. [PubMed: 22045511] 2. Gupta A, Avci P, Sadasivam M, et al. Shining light on nanotechnology to help repair and regeneration. Biotechnol Adv. Aug 21.2012 3. Seaton ED, Mouser PE, Charakida A, Alam S, Seldon PM, Chu AC. Investigation of the mechanism of action of nonablative pulsed-dye laser therapy in photorejuvenation and inflammatory acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol. Oct; 2006 155(4):748–755. [PubMed: 16965424] 4. Barolet D. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in dermatology. Semin Cutan Med Surg. Dec; 2008 27(4): 227–238. [PubMed: 19150294] 5. Karu TI, Kolyakov SF. Exact action spectra for cellular responses relevant to phototherapy. Photomed Laser Surg. Aug; 2005 23(4):355–361. [PubMed: 16144476] 6. Greco M, Guida G, Perlino E, Marra E, Quagliariello E. Increase in RNA and protein synthesis by mitochondria irradiated with helium-neon laser. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Sep 29; 1989 163(3):1428–1434. [PubMed: 2476986] 7. Karu TI, Pyatibrat LV, Kalendo GS. Photobiological modulation of cell attachment via cytochrome c oxidase. Photochem Photobiol Sci. Feb; 2004 3(2):211–216. [PubMed: 14872239] Semin Cutan Med Surg. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 August 08. NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPDF Image | Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring
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