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was not commented on in the paper therefore whether it can truly be accepted is not definitive. Having a separate control group such as Al-Watban and Andreas (2003) enabled the authors to observe a clear difference between both their treatment group and their control group. However, Al-Watban and Andreas (2003) were investigating different parameters than the current study, this may have been a factor as to their methodology selection. This does show that having a control group can clearly show the difference between the two groups. The current study did use the horses as their own control in some respects, as data was observed before and after treatment, which was the most effective way for this study to be carried out due to limitations of time, experience of author and suitable horses. To further improve in future, a complete control group would be an option. One of the horses in the experiment Carrie was not comfortable being tied up in the first week of the light therapy study. Carrie had reared while still tied up and due to the fact that this was too dangerous to carry on, the idea of removing her from the study was suggested. After careful consideration and with the previous removal of another horse it was decided that Carrie would stay in the study but with a handler and a hay net as any pressure around her head can cause her to be uncomfortable thus the potential to trigger another rear. Although all of her behaviours were noted it was difficult to distinguish what was a result of eating, due to light therapy or handler related. The handler was a highly experienced member of staff who was competent in handling horses but upon reflection it was probably a better option to remove Carrie completely and carry on with a sample size of six, but we still managed to get some viable results which is why she stayed to complete a sample size of seven. Essner et al., (2013) had a total of ten dogs in the study, which is a slightly higher number of participants resulting in a more viable study. Although the study would have taken longer to carry out, more viability would have been valuable to a study of this size and relevance. Although Carrie’s results are concurrent with the other horses in the present study, the handler could have influenced in keeping her calmer during the collection of data. The result that horses were calm during treatment will come as welcomed to users of the device and therapists alike as it further strengthens the argument that light therapy has a positive influence on both the behaviour and heart rate of the horse. 27PDF Image | THE EFFECT OF LIGHT THERAPY ON HEART RATE, HORSES
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