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therapy is also used in veterinary medicine (especially in racehorse training centers) and in sports medicine and rehabilitation clinics for the treatment of swelling and hematoma, relief of pain, improvement of mobility and for treatment of acute soft tissue injuries. Common names for which this therapy may be listed under include Laser Therapy, Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), Low Energy Laser Therapy (LELT), Low Energy Photon Therapy (LEPT), Cold Laser Therapy and Laser Photobiostimulation. LLLT do not involve cutting or burning into the skin or affected areas. They stimulate the tissues and promote healing by penetrating deep into the tissues thereby initiating the process of photobiostimulation. The patient feels no discomfort related to the procedure (Karu, 2002). 3.2.1.3 Lasers and Diodes There are various light sources (lasers and LED's) with different parameters (wavelength, output power, continuous wave or pulsed operation modes, and pulse parameters) that can be utilized for laser therapy. These parameters are usually given in the manufacturer’s manual. A laser functions as a coherent light source whereas LED (Low Energy Diode/Light Emitting Diode) functions as an incoherent light source. The depth at which a practitioner wants to irradiate determines the treatment with either a laser or a LED. The deeply penetrating properties of laser light are used for deeper and larger volumes of tissues (e.g. inner and middle ear diseases, injured sciatic or optic nerves, deep inflammations etc.), whereas the LED is effective on surface tissue (e.g. surface injuries). The laser may also be used on surface tissue, however the LED is considered more than sufficient for this task (Karu, 2002). 3.2.1.4 The Bodies Response to Laser Light Stimulation Cells contain mitochondria which are responsible for producing energy. Primary Photo- acceptors (Quinones and Cytochromes) within the mitochondria are able to absorb light energy from an outside source and convert this energy into usable electrochemical energy. The receptors respond mostly to monochromatic light to initiate their photoelectric reactions. These photo-acceptors respond to the absorption of specific wavelengths of light. When a certain light capacity threshold (0,2 Watts/m2) has been reached the mitochondria are activated and trigger whole cascades of subsequent reactions in the dark. Cells will then transform the energy into pH gradients and thus increase membrane electrical potential. These energy sources can drive at 34PDF Image | THE USE OF LIGHT AND COLOUR AS A HEALING MODALITY
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