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Molecules 2011, 16 1391 Figure 1. Chemical structure of TαPcZn. The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell resulting in its division and duplication. It consists of four distinct phases: G1 phase (pre-synthesis), S phase (synthesis), G2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis). The G0 phase is a quiescent period where cells have exited from the cell cycle and have stopped dividing. Activation of each phase relies on the proper progression and completion of the previous one. What with rapid and uncontrollable proliferation being one hallmark of cancer cell, arresting cancer cell cycle may offer therapeutic possibilities for treating malignant tumors. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that cell cycle arrest leads to cell growth inhibition and/or apoptosis in PDT processes [15,16]. In the present study，the objective of our study is to investigate whether hydrophilic/ lipophilic TαPcZn-PDT inhibits the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells by triggering apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. Based on an in vitro model, we found that TαPcZn-PDT inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in Bel-7402 cells, simultaneously arresting the cells at S phase with concomitant down- regulation of Bcl-2 and Fas. 2. Results and Discussion 2.1. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of TαPcZn An ideal photosensitizer should have a good absorption of tissue-penetrating red light. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrum of TαPcZn in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water mixtures showed an intense absorption in the red visible region at 650–680 nm (Figure 2). It is clear that, compared with the strong absorption of porphyrin photosensitisers such as Porfimer sodium (λmax absorption = 400 nm), Temoporfin (λmax absorption =415 nm), and Talaporfin (λmax absorption = 400 nm), TαPcZn exhibited an about 270 nm red-shifted absorption resulting in a better light penetration, higher PDT efficiency and lower skin phototoxicity [17,18]. Moreover, the electronic absorption spectra of TαPcZn can be readily interpreted using Gouterman’s four orbital model [19]. Specifically, the intense absorption is attributed to the transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.PDF Image | Zinc-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Inhibits the Proliferation
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