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85 Focusing on this difference, Figure 5.3 shows the distribution of incoming and outgoing links over nodes in the Web and Flickr graphs.2 The difference is readily apparent: 5% of the Web nodes account for 75% of all incoming links, but for only 25% of all outgoing links. In all social networks we considered, the distributions of incoming and outgoing links across the nodes are very similar. We now examine this phenomenon in more detail. 5.4 Correlation of indegree and outdegree Studies of the indegree and outdegree distributions in the Web graph helped re- searchers find better ways to find relevant information in the Web. In the Web, the population of pages that are active (i.e., have high outdegree) is not the same as the population of pages that are popular (i.e., have high indegree) [74]. For exam- ple, many Web pages of individual users actively point to a few popular pages like wikipedia.org or cnn.com. Web search techniques are very effective at separating a very small set of popular pages from a much larger set of active pages. In social networks, the nodes with very high outdegree also tend to have very high indegree. In our study, for each network, the top 1% of nodes ranked by indegree has a more than 65% overlap with the top 1% of nodes ranked by outdegree. The corresponding overlap in the Web is less than 20%. Hence, active users (i.e., those 2The Flickr topology is representative of all four networks; we omitted the others in the plot for readability.PDF Image | Online Social Networks: Measurement, Analysis, and Applications to Distributed Information Systems
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