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Operation User joins system Wanted communication sent Unwanted communication sent Daily credit decay Net Change in System Credit 0, as user’s initial credit balance is 0 0, as no credit is exchanged 0, as credit is transferred between users 0, as total credit was 0 before decay 156 Table 8.1 : Operations in Ostra, and their effect on the total system credit. No operation alters the sum of credit balances. the credit transferred into C is subject to the usual credit decay, so the total amount of credit available to active user accounts does not diminish over time. Additionally, users can only deposit credit into C; no withdrawals are allowed. Finally, there is an issue with communication failures (e.g., dropped messages) and users who are offline for extended periods. Both may cause the sender to reserve a credit indefinitely, because the receiver does not classify the communication. The credit decay does not help in this situation, because the decay affects only the credit balance and not the credit bounds. Therefore, Ostra uses a timeout T, which is typically on the order of days. If a communication has not been classified by the receiver after T, the credit bounds are automatically reset as though the destination had classified the communication as wanted. This feature has the added benefit that it enables receivers to plausibly deny receipt of communication. A receiver can choose not to classify some communication, thus concealing its receipt.PDF Image | Online Social Networks: Measurement, Analysis, and Applications to Distributed Information Systems
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