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Forum Scientiae Oeconomia Volume 4 (2016) No. 1 64 researchers (Potter van Loon et al. 2015; Ayton et al. 2015) defined as char- acteristic, conscious strategy the avoidance of choosing the corner numbers (“edge-aversion”) and neighboring numbers “proximity-aversion”, in the case of the “hidden lottery” it is exactly these combinations that are the most pop- ular. While the results appear to be contradictory, considering the structure of the two types of games, this contradiction can be easily resolved knowing the conscious strategy applied by players in the “hidden lottery” game. Students reason that as lottery players usually avoid the corner numbers, those in the first and last rows and those close to each other (as they calculate that these have a lower probability of being drawn), it is worthwhile to choose these. At the same time, as a number of players think similarly, these numbers are chosen frequently all the same. The same situation applies to the numbers in proximity to each other, which, as most players think that they will be chosen by few oth- ers at most, are marked rather frequently. The relatively less frequent choice of the numbers on the right-side of the lottery ticket reflects cognitive patterns, schemes of choice. The learnt autom- atism of reading and writing (left to right and up to down) can be seen in the choice of the six numbers as shown by the Figures. The player looks at the lottery ticket from left to right, and – unless he/she already has a specific strat- egy – will be apt to choose from the most easily accessible numbers, thus, not reaching the higher numbers located on the right-hand side of the ticket. This is true even if the players attempt to think in terms of the whole range of numbers given on the ticket. The conscious choice of the “favorite numbers” is also visible in the Figures. The conscious choice of dates of birth may play a role in the fact that numbers in the lower right-hand corner are marked less frequently. As months range from 1 to 12 and days of the month from 1 to 31, players applying this strategy rarely, if ever, reach the numbers in the 32-49 range. Prime numbers – though in the present study these often coincide with one of the more frequently cho- sen geometrical forms (first row, diagonal row) – are also chosen frequently. All the prime numbers in the 1 to 49 range (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43) are amongst the more frequently chosen lottery numbers. 4.2. Evaluation of the winning tickets The winning tickets were evaluated separately for the Hungarian and for- eign samples. In the winning combinations we sought to find the “strategies” and patterns used by the traditional lottery players as described by the studies covered under “Theoretical Background”. We presumed that – based on the previously determined geometric characteristics observed during the evalua- tion of the results – we would be able to identify in the winning combinations either (geometric) patterns, or the characteristics of conscious choice, rather than random ones.PDF Image | PATTERNS IN THE LOTTERY GAME
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