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Another variation of lottery is based on the winning numbers showing on the playing ticket as the result of a draw that runs until a winner comes up. Keno and Bingo are examples of this special form of lottery. In such games, the tickets or cards have the form of a matrix of chosen numbers which are checked progressively as they come up in the draw. The player whose numbers form a particular configuration on the playing ticket (row, column, square, etc.) is announced the winner. Such games are not the subject of study in this book, although some of the obtained results will apply partially in these games as well. With respect to the management and juridical status of a lottery, there are private and public, local, national, and international, physical, and online lotteries. The most common are the state and national number lotteries, offered and managed by all states whose regulations allows this type of game of chance. Each lottery has its own rules for establishing the prize fund, its distribution in winning categories, and establishing prizes for the winners. The prize fund is usually calculated as a fixed percentage of the ticket sales. Its distribution in winning categories, as well as establishing the amounts to be awarded are usually determined by formulas specific to each lottery. In most cases, these distributions are still made by fixed percentages, but there are also lotteries offering fixed amounts as individual prizes. The lottery offers unlimited possibilities of choosing the played lines, in combinations of numbers or combinations of lines. Depending on each lottery, players fill in the playing tickets either by checking the chosen numbers or writing them down in the specific fields of the ticket. For most lotteries, the design of the ticket allows combined play with several simple lines, compound lines, combinations of them, or encoded playing systems, on the same ticket. Each lottery is defined by certain basic numerical parameters that represent the set of rules specific to that lottery, with respect to the progress of the game and the awarding system as well. These parameters are as follows: - the total number of the numbers from the urn, denoted by m; - the number of numbers in a draw, denoted by n; - the number of numbers on a simple playing ticket (or the number of numbers of a simple line), denoted by p; 13PDF Image | THE MATHEMATICS OF LOTTERY Odds, Combinations, Systems
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