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90 L. Valentino Bryant which is a danger when so many people find the appearance of consensus so persuasive. political situations for the rest of the country that are not supported by the majority of the citizens because perceptions, even illusions, can be deceiving. If our main information source is viewed on a skewed angle from an alt-right perspective, it can lend malicious influence to the general population. If the alt-right continues to be allowed to dominate our major media platform that 9% can only grow and the country may come to resemble the content on Youtube if Youtube isn’t changed to better reflect its viewers. The relationship of racist content equating to increased ad clicks to the algorithm is one that may do harm, not only to those users that are exposed to YouTube, but to future applications of the algorithm. The YouTube algorithm itself was not programmed with the intent to cause racial bias in the video it recommends. It is likely that the algorithm’s design will be used to produce future technologies, which is why I hope the company of YouTube, Google, and the parent company Alphabet consider making the current algorithm more transparent to those that might study it, so that it can be improved upon. YouTube is beginning to consider aspects of itself that libraries have long figured out: collection development policies, standards of ethics, freedom of information and its boundaries, along with cataloging and categorization. Instead of making generalizations and vague comparisons of YouTube to a library, the leaders at YouTube need to take responsibility for the fact that their media has become an influential factor not just on the way the world entertains itself, but the way we educate and inform ourselves as well. References Bergen, M. (2019, April 2). YouTube executives ignored warnings, letting toxic videos run rampant. Bloomberg. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-04-02/youtube-executives-ignored-warnings-letting-toxic-videos-run- rampant Covington, P., Adams, J., & Sargin, E. (2016). Deep neural networks for YouTube recommendations. RecSys ‘16 Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems, pp. 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1145/2959100.2959190 Evans, R. (2018, October 11). From memes to Infowars: How 75 fascist activists were “red-pilled” [Blog post]. Retrieved from Bellingcat website: https://www.bellingcat.com/news/americas/2018/10/11/memes-infowars-75-fascist-activists-red- pilled/ Hate speech policy. (2019, June 5). Retrieved October 28, 2019, from YouTube Help website: https://support.google.com/ youtube/answer/2801939?hl=en Hayden, M. E. (2019, August 04). White nationalists praise El Paso attack and mock the dead. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from: https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2019/08/04/white-nationalists-praise-el-paso-attack-and-mock- dead Kaiser, J., & Rauchfleisch, A. (2018, April 11). Unite the right? How YouTube’s recommendation algorithm connects the U.S. far-right. Retrieved October 28, 2019, from Medium website: https://medium.com/@MediaManipulation/unite-the-right- how-youtubes-recommendation-algorithm-connects-the-u-s-far-right-9f1387ccfabd Langer, G. (2017, August 21). Trump approval is low but steady; On Charlottesville lower still. ABC News/Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.langerresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/1190a1TrumpandCharlottesville.pdf Mock, B. (2007, April 20). Neo-Nazi groups share hate via YouTube. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://www. splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2007/neo-nazi-groups-share-hate-youtube Newton, Casey. (2019, December 16). The terror queue: These moderators help keep Google and YouTube free of violent extremism—and now some of them have PTSD. The Verge. Retrieved from https://www.theverge. com/2019/12/16/21021005/google-youtube-moderators-ptsd-accenture-violent-disturbing-content-interviews-video O’Donovan, C., Warzel, C., McDonald, L., Clifton, B., & Woolf, M. (2019, January 24). We followed YouTube’s recommendation algorithm down the rabbit hole. Retrieved October 28, 2019, from BuzzFeed News website: https://www.buzzfeednews. com/article/carolineodonovan/down-youtubes-recommendation-rabbithole Pariser, E. (2011). The filter bubble: How the new personalized web is changing what we read and how we think. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=wcalrOI1YbQC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Thompson, N. (2018, March 15). Susan Wojcicki on YouTube’s fight against misinformation. Wired. Retrieved from https:// www.wired.com/story/susan-wojcicki-on-youtubes-fight-against-misinformation/ Tufekci, Z. (2018, March 10). YouTube, the great radicalizer. The New York Times, Opinion. Retrieved from https://www. nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politics-radical.htmlPDF Image | YouTube Algorithm and the Alt-Right Filter Bubble
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