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S.Y. Lee et al. / Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 88 (2007) 51–67 59 Fig. 4. A marked improvement of telangiectasia was observed in a 55-year-old woman, who had been treated with 830 nm alone (Left: before treatment, Right: 3 months after treatment completion). Table 4 Investigators’ assessment of improvement in the severity of wrinkles Group 1 (830 nm alone) Group 2 (633 nm alone) Group 3 (830 nm and 633 nm) Group 4 (Control sham light) Treated Assessor 1 2.38 ± 0.65 Assessor 2 2.57 ± 0.66 Covered 0.29 ± 0.63 0.14 ± 0.64 Treated 2.06 ± 0.78 2.17 ± 0.76 Covered 0.33 ± 0.75 0.28 ± 0.65 Treated 2.41 ± 0.72 2.45 ± 0.66 Covered 0.32 ± 0.82 0.36 ± 0.71 Treated 0.33 ± 0.70 0.13 ± 0.62 Covered 0.20 ± 0.65 0.07 ± 0.57 elastic fibers (Fig. 7). On the other hand, in the control group, the fibroblasts were normal in size and spindle- shaped and did not have dilated or increased endoplasmic reticula. The collagen fibers were smaller in number and did not form collagen bundles as thick as those shown in the treatment groups. 3.4.4. Immunohistochemistry results In the immunohistochemical staining results, no signifi- cant changes in MMP-1 or MMP-2 were observed between the baseline and 2 weeks post-treatment specimens in all groups. However, there were noticeable increases in TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in degrees which varied according to the different groups. The most marked increase of TIMP-1 was observed in group 3 (Fig. 8a), while that of TIMP-2 was shown in group 2 (Fig. 8b). We could find a slight increase of TIMP-1 and 2 in the control group as well, the degree of which was much less than those in the treatment groups. 3.4.5. Biochemical changes (real time RT-PCR results, Table 5) The comparison of the mRNA levels of IL-1ß between before treatment and 20 minutes after the final treatment demonstrated a marked increase in group 1 and group 3 in the post-treatment specimens, the levels of which were 13.3 and 13.7 times higher than those of before treatment, respectively. In group 2, the post-treatment IL-1ß mRNA level was 6.2 times higher compared with before treatment. On the other hand, in the control group, the post-treatment level of IL-1ß mRNA was only 1.59 times higher than before treatment. In regards to TNF-a, the results also showed an increase in its mRNA levels in the post-treatment specimens, although more moderately than that of IL-1ß. The mRNA levels were 1.6-, 1.36-, and 2.5-fold those of the baseline after treatment with 830 nm alone, 633 nm alone, and a combination of 830 and 633 nm, respectively. Similar to IL-1ß, TNF-a mRNA levels showed a greater increase when infrared light was used, compared to when red light was used alone, even though the difference was not as marked as that observed in the case of IL-1ß. In the control group, the post-treatment mRNA level of TNF-a decreased to 0.38-fold that of the baseline level. The mRNA levels of IL-6 decreased after treatment. They were 0.14, 0.5 and 0.74-fold of those of baseline after treatment with 830 nm alone, 633 nm alone, and a combi- nation of 830 and 633 nm, respectively. No patterns relat- ing to the wavelength of light was observed. In the control group, the levels of IL-6 mRNA in the post-treat- ment specimens also decreased 0.26-fold, which made the interpretation of these data difficult. The mRNA levels of ICAM-1 increased slightly after treatment with 830 nm alone (1.39-fold), whereas theyPDF Image | LED phototherapy for skin rejuvenation
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