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When the plants were ready for transplant based on production standards, ten plants of each species were transplanted into plastic pots filled with a commercial peat-perlite medium (Suremix; Michigan Grower Products, Inc., Galesburg, MI) and placed randomly on each of eight benches in a glass-glazed research greenhouse maintained at constant 20 °C as controlled by a greenhouse environmental control system (Integro 725; Priva, De Lier, Netherlands). An aspirated thermocouple [36-gauge (0.127-mm diameter) type E] located in the middle of each bench measured air temperature at plant canopy every 10 s. Line quantum sensors (Apogee Instruments, Inc., Logan, UT) positioned horizontally at plant canopy measured photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) in three of the treatments every 10 s. A data logger (CR10; Campbell Scientific, Logan, UT) recorded hourly averages of air temperature and PPF. When the nighttime air temperature at plant canopy was <18.9 °C, a 1500-W electric heater underneath each bench provided supplemental heating. The average daily air temperature in each treatment is provided in Table IV-1. The average photosynthetic daily light integral (DLI) was 9.0 and 14.7 mol∙m−2∙d−1 during the first and second replications of the experiment, respectively. Watering and fertility were applied to all plants alike according to established experimental protocols as described by Vaid et al. (2014). Lighting treatments All plants were subjected to a truncated 9-h natural photoperiod from 0800 to 1700 HR, achieved by opening and closing opaque black cloth. Each bench was randomly assigned with a 9-h SD control or one of the seven photoperiodic lighting treatments: B0* DE, B0* NI, B1* NI, B15* NI, B30* NI, B30 NI, and B0* DE+B30 NI, where each number following B represents its intensity (in μmol∙m−2∙s−1) provided by B LEDs (14 W, GreenPower LED research module blue; Philips, Eindhoven, the Netherlands), and * indicates delivery of R+W+FR light (14 W, 99PDF Image | LED REGULATE FLOWERING OF PHOTOPERIODIC ORNAMENTAL CROPS
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