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on the tissue. In the 1970s and 1980s this type of laser was considered “cold” or “soft” due to the fact that it had no thermal effect on the skin and was considered safe compared to its high-powered counterpart (Enwemeka, 2005). Technological advancements now permit the use of non-laser based monochromatic light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), superluminous diodes (SLDs), and polarized polychromatic light, to achieve the same therapeutic goals that were previously accomplished with low fluence lasers (Enwemeka, 2005). Lasers are classified by the type of material that is placed in between the two reflecting surfaces; this is called a medium. There are many different types of lasers on the market. Each has its own wavelength and characteristics based on the medium that is used. The most common mediums include the following: crystal and glass, gas and excimer, semiconductor, liquid dye, and chemical. Lasers are either high powered or low powered. High powered lasers tend to be hot or thermal and very expensive. Low powered lasers are used for wound healing and pain management (Prentice, 2003). The newer LED and SLD devices are often configured as clusters of diodes emitting two or more wavelengths of light from a single applicator, making them dual or multiple wavelength sources rather than coherent single wavelength light sources. Accumulating evidence indicates that the therapeutic effects of these newer light sources are similar to those of lasers, when factors, such as wavelength, fluence, and other treatment parameters are taken into consideration (Enwemeka, 2005). Light therapy’s effectiveness is affected by four important factors: Wavelength, treatment duration, and dosage (Gur, 2003). Wavelength is light in the form of electromagnetic energy that has wavelengths between 100 and 10,000 nanometers (nm) 9PDF Image | Light Therapy on Pain and Swelling vs Collegiate Athletes
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