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2.5 Equine Behaviour and facial pain The behaviour of the horses is also something as a therapist is important to understand within the session. Understanding the behaviour of the horse will allow the therapist to truly understand what the horse is telling them, if they are comfortable or unhappy. Therefore in the current study the behaviour exhibited from the animal during a session will be displayed on an ethogram. This will allow us to effectively evaluate the behaviour exhibited during the session (Hage et al., 2014). Dyson also discusses facial expressions in terms of being tacked up and when handling in the stable. Dyson says that ‘for many years I have observed that horses when they are uncomfortable show differences in their facial expressions’ and goes on to comment how ‘owners and riders are slow to recognise pain and lameness’ (Ahttv.org, 2017). Dyson believes it is vital to understand what they are horses are saying when ridden and this principle is the same when undergoing therapy. It is important to understand what the horse is telling the therapist/owner In order to fully interpret what is presented, especially in the case of pain/wellbeing as it is important the welfare of the animal is paramount. Equine responses’ to ridden work were documented by Dyson et al., (2017). The horse’s facial expressions in particular were investigated by initially a team of 14 equine professionals, horse owners and lay horse people. From this pilot study the ethogram used was developed and changed to accommodate a large range of people involved and then the pictures were given out to a larger group of people to examine and note down the different facial expressions. The horses were split into two groups, lame and sound. However, the cohort that took part in the study were not aware and only the headshots of the animals were used to determine which were ‘in pain’ or ones that were sound. All horses were examined by Dyson before the study to determine if they were lame or not (Ahttv.org, 2017). In accordance to the groups hypothesis facial expressions for lame horses had a higher pain score than horses of the control group (P < 0.001) and this score lowered after the images of the horses under sedation were presented (P < 0.05). This itself was able to prove that horse’s facial expression is an indication of 11PDF Image | THE EFFECT OF LIGHT THERAPY ON HEART RATE, HORSES
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