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have h citations. With this method, the h-index only changes if the number of citations a new publication receives is higher than the previous h-index value of the author. Hirsch showed that with this method, the physicist Nobel prize winners of the last 20 years had larger than average h-index numbers. 5.2 Potential Improvements In their paper, Chen, Xie, Maslov, and Redner (2007) used the PageRank algorithm to assess the relative importance of papers beyond citation count, measured as their Google number. They attempt to take into account the effect of an important paper citing another, and lessen the effect of papers with large citation counts. With a simple replacement of each paper for a webpage, and each citation for an outgoing link, the PageRank algorithm is used to ranks the importance of papers. They took the damping number d = 0.5, with the justifi- cation that by the second reference, you would be likely to find a paper that was referenced by both the original and referenced papers. In Chen et al.’s (2007) findings, they found that using the PageRank algo- rithm resulted in similar results compared to citation count for most papers, but that in several cases, papers appeared with high Google numbers that had rel- atively low citation counts. Many of those papers were easily recognized as seminal publications. One in particular was noteworthy for having an extremely low citation rank for its Google number, The Theory of Complex Spectra by J. C. Slater. This paper introduced the determinant form for the many-body spectra, which is so well known that few papers bother to cite the original work. This is one of the cases where the referenced paper was brought up in the rankings by the relative importance of papers that cite it. It is a case for the use of the PageRank algorithm to give importance beyond a simple citation count. 24PDF Image | MATHEMATICS BEHIND GOOGLE PAGERANK ALGORITHM
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