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119 observed in many diverse networks, and absent other data, it is an attractive choice for researchers to explain static snapshots of crawled networks. 6.7.1 Is proximity fundamental? We believe that some notion of proximity is inherent in the link creation processes underlying large networks. As a network grows larger, it is increasingly unlikely that nodes are influenced by knowledge of the global degree ranking when choosing their neighbors. In many networks (in particular, many social networks), it may not even be possible to discover the global degree ranking of nodes, knowledge of which is required for pure preferential attachment. Other mechanisms that rely on global properties are equally unlikely because of technical and policy issues with computing global metrics. In the networks we have examined, the bias towards proximity can be explained by considering the node discovery mechanisms available to users and the factors that constrain them. In the social networks (YouTube and Flickr), the primary mechanism available to users for exploring the network is to walk their neighborhood. This might explain our observation in Flickr and YouTube that there is a much stronger bias in link creation towards nearby nodes than would be predicted by preferential attachment alone, yet there still is a bias towards high-degree nodes (see Table 6.2). On Wikipedia, semantically closer pages are likely to be proximal in the network, leading to a proximity bias in link creation.PDF Image | Online Social Networks: Measurement, Analysis, and Applications to Distributed Information Systems
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