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187 the distributed route computation, as no user has a global view of the trust network. In the sections below, we sketch out distributed designs for the route computation, for maintaining link balances and for ensuring that users follow the Ostra protocol. 8.5.2 Routing Routing in large networks is a well-studied problem. We use a combination of existing techniques for distributed route discovery in large trust networks. We divide the problem into two cases. To find routes within the local neighborhood of a user (e.g., all users within three hops), we use an efficient bloom filter-based [21] mechanism. To discover longer paths, we use landmark routing [152] to route to the destination’s neighborhood and then use bloom filters to reach the destination. Each user creates and publishes a bloom filter (representing her local neighborhood) and a landmark coordinate (representing her location in the global network). A user’s bloom filter represents the set of users within the two-hop neighborhood of the user’s trust network. Thus, given a destination’s bloom filter, a user can determine whether any of her friends are within the destination’s two-hop neighborhood. If so, the user has found the next hop toward the destination. The solution works on arbitrary connected graphs. However, the approach is most efficient in sparse graphs in which the three-hop neighborhood accounts for a small percentage of the total network. Many real-world trust networks, such as social networks, have this property [105].PDF Image | Online Social Networks: Measurement, Analysis, and Applications to Distributed Information Systems
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