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190 If so, this implies that these friends are direct friends with B. Thus, A has found a path to B. If none of A’s friends appear in B’s one-hop bloom filter, then A can be sure that no two-hop path exists between herself and B. A then checks for three-hop paths by testing to see if any of her friends appear in B’s two-hop bloom filter. If so, then A knows that these friends are friends-of-friends of B. In this case, A has found the first hop on a three hop path to B. If none of A’s friends appear in B’s one-hop bloom filter or two-hop bloom filter, this implies that no path shorter than three hops exists between A and B. In this case, A uses the coordinates described next to find a path between herself and B. False positives in bloom filters have the effect of artificially inflating path lengths. A user may, due to a false positive, forward to another user who is no closer to the destination. As we demonstrate in the evaluation, this case is rare and does not affect the eventual success of the route computation. 8.5.4 Landmark routing To find long paths, users advertise their coordinates, which indicate their location in the trust network. A coordinate is a vector of distances, in hops, from a set of landmark users in the trust network. A node U ’s coordinate might be {3M , 7N }, meaning U is 3 hops from M and 7 hops from N. We describe in Section 8.5.4 below how landmarks are selected.PDF Image | Online Social Networks: Measurement, Analysis, and Applications to Distributed Information Systems
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