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Molecules 2020, 25, 4411 2 of 14 these components with proteins, e.g., enzymes or cellular receptors. While, phlorotannins, are the major polyphenolic secondary compounds synthesized only in marine brown seaweed [6]. Figure 1. Photo of common red seaweed species with potential from Egypt coasts. For decades and at present, seaweed is used in food in many countries, as well as in traditional drugs and cosmetics, due to their richness in natural metabolites. The therapeutic trend has begun searching forward for new medications from natural products like algae. Since ancient times, macroalgae are used for treating different diseases. The approximate numbers of biochemicals are more than up 700 from red species. The majority of these contents have shown promising biological abilities, including antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiallergic, and analgesics efficiencies [6,7]. 2. Antimicrobial Activity The antimicrobial mechanism of macroalgae depended on the modification of the cell porousness of pathogen species that led to loss of macromolecules and disrupted the function of the membrane and finally destroy the pathogen cells [7,8]. The variation in the biological ability of red seaweed may be related to seasonal variations in algal biological compounds, algal growth phases, and the efficiency of the extraction methods. Carbohydrates, glycosides and phenolic compounds from Kappaphycus alvarezii can act as considered as antibacterialPDF Image | Therapeutic Uses of Red Macroalgae
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