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Molecules 2011, 16 1394 2.4. Effect of TαPcZn-PDT on the apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells Accumulated evidences have suggested that phthalocyanines-mediated PDT can induce apoptosis in some cancer cells [22-25,28-30]. However, it is unclear whether TαPcZn-PDT can result in apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells. Therefore, in the present study, effect of TαPcZn-PDT on apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells was assayed by several ways. The morphological characteristics of apoptotic cell death were firstly detected by inverted microscope assay. Compared with control cells, light-treated cells and TαPcZn-treated cells, cells treated by TαPcZn-PDT apparently exhibited morphological characteristics of apoptotic cell death, such as cell shrinkage and extensive detachment of the cells from the cell culture substratum (Figure 4A4). The occurrence of apoptosis was further assessed by electron microcopy assay. The results also showed that TαPcZn-PDT obviously led to morphological characteristics of apoptotic cell death, such as cell shrinkage，nucleus and cytoplasm fragment, chromatin condensation, cytosolic vacuolation and apoptotic bodies formation (Figure 4B4). Furthermore, the apoptosis-eliciting effect of TαPcZn-PDT was quantitatively evaluated by flow cytometry analysis of annexin V-FITC/ propidium iodide (PI) double stained cells. Compared with the control treatment or light treatment alone, TαPcZn alone had little effect on the apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells (Figure 5). However, TαPcZn-PDT significantly led to the apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells in a dose- dependent pattern (Figure 5), suggesting that the combination of TαPcZn and red light can apparently induce the apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells. Similar results were obtained by assaying sub-G1 DNA content (Figure 6). All of the above results indicate that TαPcZn-PDT inhibits the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells by triggering apoptosis. Figure 5. Effect of TαPcZn-PDT on the apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells assayed by flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI double stained cells. Apoptosis assay in: panel A, control Bel-7402 cells treated with 0.1% DMSO; panel B, Bel-7402 cells treated with red-light irradiation (53.7 J/cm2); panel C, Bel-7402 cells treated with 54 μM TαPcZn; and panel D~F, Bel-7402 cells treated with 18, 36, 54 μM TαPcZn in the presence of red-light irradiation(53.7 J/cm2), respectively.PDF Image | Zinc-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Inhibits the Proliferation
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